Here is a nice article on a subject,
https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/166219/is-a-matrix-with-characteristic-polynomial-t2-1-invertible
In fact, as shown in the following photo, one can prove the statement next to the highlighted statement easily.
A proof goes as follows,
It is clear that λ is an eigenvalue of A iff Det(A−λI)=0. As a consequence, λ=0 is an eigenvalue of A iff Det(A−0⋅I)=|A|=0. Hence, |A|≠0 iff λ=0 is not an eigenvalue of A iff the characteristic polynomial of A does not have zero at zero.
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